Revisiting the Philippine Aptitude Classification Test: Analysis of Potentially Biased Test Items

Revisiting the Philippine Aptitude Classification Test: Analysis of Potentially Biased Test Items

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Revisiting the Philippine Aptitude Classification Test: Analysis of Potentially Biased Test Items

Differential item functioning (DIF) indicates that an item is potentially biased. To gain a better understanding of the behavior of the subgroups on potentially biased items, the distractor response analysis can be conducted. In this procedure, the incorrect alternatives are examined fordifferences in patterns of responses among different subgroups of a population. Bias is inferred to be present in an item when the subgroups are differentially attracted to the distractors of the item.This follow-up study on the fairness of the Philippine Aptitude Classification Test (PACT), a battery of tests measuring different kinds of aptitudes or abilities, aims to gain moresubstantive evidence of item bias in the test. It further investigates the two PACT subtests ,identified in the previous study as having the most number of items with DIF, namely, the Perceptual Acuity and the Verbal Filipino. The Rasch model technique was applied on another sample of examinees, and distractor response analysis was used to examine the response pattern across the incorrect options of items with DIF among the gender and the geographic subgroups of the PACT takers. The analysis of response patterns provided insights on group differences, and ,implications to test construction were drawn.

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